Superior qualities of TOSOH
| 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 |
| Strength | Consistency | Purity | No aging |
Perfect granular homogeneity
When examined with a metallographic microscope, TOSOH zirconia gunpowder shows perfect farinaceous homogeneity when compared to competitors.
Reading: Why Tosoh – Zircon ceramics
This uniformity ensures that ZICERAM® products ’ fracture probability is the lowest on the market and the strength and aging factors are odd compared to competitors .
Perfectly homogenous micro structure
Metallographic microscope images reveal that TOSOH micro structure is homogeneous unlike that of poor quality zirconium oxide. The pictures besides reveal inconsistencies and impurities in the low-quality and brassy Chinese zirconia ( C-1 & C-2 ) .
Perfectly smooth particles
When examined with a metallographic microscope, each particle of TOSOH nano-zirconia is perfectly smooth compared to low-quality chinese counterparts. Smoothness has an effect on how tightly the particles hold on to each early when pressed together, and therefore affects forte and fracture probability .
3-point vs. 4-point flexural strength
forte can be measured by 3-point and a 4-point test. The deviation is that 4-point test uses a larger surface sphere, which increases the likelihood of there being a little concentrate in the test area. The majority of manufacturers use 3-point tests because they show more friendly results. They normally besides display average values to hide inconsistencies. ZICERAM® Zirconia strength values are constantly based on 4-point screen and minimal strength values of the products are presented .
3-point flexural strength
When 3-point tested, C-1 ( Chinese zirconia ) looks good. however, minimal flexural strength data should be considered, not good the maximum. TOSOH 3-point test mean lastingness value is higher than the maximum potency values of competitors .
4-point flexural strength
3-point test values for the second best japanese nano-zirconia ( J-1 ) look good but the humble values of 4-point testing look very different. This shows intelligibly the effect of test method. TOSOH trial values on 4-point tests keep the high strength values unlike the competitors .
Fracture probability
fracture probability is a key element as it shows what are the chances of a failure of a construction made from the material. TOSOH has the lowest luck of failure on the market.
Strength reliability
Some competitors appear to have a adept crush operation, specially in circus tent of the graph. however, the lower part of the graph makes all the remainder. For case, at 0.5 kgf, Competitor F ( 2nd leading japanese Zirconia ) has about 20 % probability to break – but TOSOH has 0 % probability to break at 0.5 kgf. Crush probability ball test is performed by applying atmospheric pressure on a single point
Lot-to-Lot consistency
powder characteristics that are necessity for making high gear quality dental magnetic disk :
- Bulk density = Powder in mold
- Green density and Sintered density = Shrinkage
Bulk density example of TOSOH (and competitor) powder grades
Consistency
Lot-to-Lot consistency makes surely that all products made of the material display same features and same technical properties. This ensures coherent timbre in every unit .
Purity
Purity makes certain that the material is hard due to no foreign bodies being salute and besides that it is goodly, with no negative elements that could affect a patient ’ s health .
| TOSOH | ZrO₂+HfO₂+Y₂O₃+Al₂O₃ > 99.9% |
| C-4 Company | Mg, Si, S, Cr, Cu, Zn, Sn, Pb, CaCO₃, Talc, Mica |
Chemical analysis shows the purity and consistency of TOSOH nano-zirconia. Poor quality brands can have strange contaminations elements and/or additives in their zirconium oxide. even led has been found in poor-quality products .
Transformation of aging
transformation of aging shows how constructions lose their strength when used.
When tested in hot water, TOSOH material does not show any signs of aging .
| Monoclinic | Transformation | |
| % | μm | |
| Disc-1 (COO USA) | 11 | 2 |
| Disc-2 (COO China) | 22 | 10 |
| Zpex (TOSOH) | 2 | 0 |
| Zpex Smile (TOSOH) | 0 | 0 |
Monoclinic content on surface & transformation depth:
134˚C in hot pure water for 5 hours
Transformation of aging
Discs made of TOSOH zirconia have minimal to no ripening. Patients using the final product wear ’ thymine have to be afraid to consume hot and cold drinks as these will not damage their dental construction .